Cac em than men,
Men goi cac em bai viet phan anh 95% bai viet cung de cua ban tieng Viet. Vi cung tac gia chi co viet hon la dich word by word cua ban tieng Viet. Doc bai nay cac em moi biet Phan Chu Trinh tung o gan cac em ma khong hay. Di nhien Phan Van Truong cung tung den gan truong cac em hoc do. Lam Thi Phuong co thay khi goi hinh PCT va con cung dam tang lon nhat VN thoi bay gio va co le thoi bay gio nua. Phuong mo art2all.net se thay anh chup. Tinh co tuan roi Ptan Nhut goi tham tu nhien Nhat noi: "Thay giong Phan Chau Trinh'. Rat la. Vi toi khong co email cua Nhut nen Nhut khong co BT cung khong co bai viet nao cua toi nhung tu nhien noi dung de tai da goi cho cac em. Tren doi co lam chuyen xem tam thuong nhung co nguon goc huyen bi cua no. Nhu truong hop cau noi cua Nhat vua qua. Co le Muot, Phuong biet PTNhut (Ba Diem- chi khu truong CS Thu Duc truoc 1975).
Van Su Lanh
Thay Lan
phamdinhlan(david)
TWO
RESPECTABLE REVOLUTIONARIES NAMED PHAN
DAVID LAN PHAM, F.A.B.I.
Those educated Vietnamese, who are
interested in their country’s history can’t ignore their two contemporary
revolutionaries: Phan Boi Chau (1867-
1940) and Phan Chau Trinh (1872- 1926).
Born in Central Vietnam, they both were Confucian scholars but they
renounced officialdom to embark in revolutionary activities.
Phan
Boi Chau ranked first in the huong thi (regional
contest) in 1900.
Phan Chau Trinh was a pho bang (equivalent to MA) in the hoi thi (doctoral contest) in 1901. He held a modest position in the Ministry of
Rites under the reign of Thanh Thai. His
boss was Minister Ngo Dinh Kha, father of Ngo Dinh Diem, future President of
the Republic of Vietnam. Sick of
officialdom under the Vietnamese feudal monarchy and French protectorate he
quit his job to struggle for a bright future of Vietnam.
Phan Boi Chau, Tieu La Nguyen Thanh
and Do Dang Tuyen founded Viet Nam Duy Tan Hoi (Vietnam Modernization
Association) in 1904. In 1905 he was the
soul of Phong Trao Dong Du (Journey to the East Movement). Having revolutionary activities abroad Phan
Boi Chau got in touch with Leang Ki-chao, Sun Yat-sen, Okuma Shighenobu, Inukai
Tsuyoshi .
Leang Ki-chao (1873-1929) and his
professor Kang Yu-wei (1858- 1927) were
advisors to Emperor Kuang Hsu in the 100- day reform in the Year of the Dog
(1898). The reform failed. Leang lived in exile in Japan.
Sun Yat-sen (1866- 1925) was the soul
of the Revolution of the Year of the Pig (1911). He met Phan Boi Chau in Japan before the
eruption of the revolution.
Okuma Shighenobu (1838- 1922) was
Japanese Prime Minister (1898;1914- 1916).
Inukai Tsuyoshi (1855- 1932) was
leader of the Rikken Seiyukai Party (Friends of the Constitutional Government). He was Prime Minister in 1931- 1932. He was assassinated in 1932 when Japanese
militarism reached its apogee. Manchukuo
(Manzhouguo), a puppet state, was created by Japan. The last Emperor of the Qing, Pu Yi, became
King of Manchukuo.
Phan Chau Trinh was the soul of the
Movement of Modernization. A Confucian
scholar he wasn’t fond of Chinese feudal thoughts. He was interested in Western democratic
thoughts. He read Contrat Social by Jean
Jacques Rousseau and Esprit des Lois by Montesquieu translated into Chinese
characters by the Chinese scholars. In
feudal society influenced by Confucianism studying and passing the triennial
contests were the best means of life improvement. Therefore, the students must:
Read up the <Chinese> classics and history
to wait for the triennial contests
The wives had to work hard so that
their husbands had enough time to learn the <Chinese> classics and
history in the hope of passing the triennial contests. On the glorious day:
The hammock in which the wife is carried
Is behind that of her husband.
Working at the Ministry of Rites Phan
Chau Trinh realized that some mandarins such as
Nguyen Huu Bai, Ngo Dinh Kha became important Ministers at the Hue Court
thanks to their knowledge of French and quoc
ngu , and to their religion
(Catholicism). Phan Chau Trinh was
conscious of the importance of French and quoc
ngu not to wish a high position in the government but to study Western
democracy, sciences and technology and to separate from Chinese cultural
influence that has had deep roots in Vietnam for many centuries.
Phan Boi Chau’s hair, beard, clothes
and slippers showed he was a real Confucian scholar.
Phan Chau Trinh had his hair cut
short, barbel a la Napoleon III, Nicholas
II and Meiji Tenno, Western
clothes and put on leather shoes.
Phan Boi Chau was a monarchist. He supported Prince Cuong De, a descendant of
Prince Nguyen Phuc Canh, as King of the future constitutional monarchy . His political line showed that he was deeply
influenced by Confucianism that tied loyalty to the King to patriotism. In 1885, at the age of 18, Phan Boi Chau
responded warmly to Phong Trao Can Vuong (Royalist Movement) headed by King Ham
Nghi. Leading Phong Trao Dong Du
(Journey to the East Movement) Phan Boi Chau needed Japanese assistance. The presence of Prince Cuong De was
politically necessary for Japan was a constitutional monarchy with the
Constitution of 1889 written by Ito based on the German Constitution
promulgated under Chancellor Bismarck.
Phan Chau Trinh loved democracy. He was disappointed by Prince Cuong De he met
in Japan in 1906. Cuong De proclaimed
himself King Gia Thanh and asked the Vietnamese students in Japan to bow dow
when meeting the King at the Court every day.
Phan Boi Chau and Prince Cuong De exchanged bitter arguments in Japan in
1906. Phan Chau Trinh was the first
Vietnamese Confucian scholar attacking the monarchic regime. He criticized King Khai Dinh for attending
the Marseille Expo in 1922. In 1925 Phan
Chau Trinh returned to Saigon from Paris instead of his native province, Quang
Nam, that was under the French protectorate and Vietnamese monarchy.
Phan Boi Chau thought of Japanese
assistance in his struggle for Vietnam’s independence when he headed Phong Trao
Dong Du. The 38- minute Japanese naval
victory over the Russian fleet in Tsushima in 1905 excited Phan Boi Chau very
much. His simple thought was that he
could ask for help from Japan, an Asian country. Its people are yellow- skinned like the
Vietnamese. Japan didn’t help him. He was asked to leave Japan after the signing
of the Franco- Japanese treaty (1907) which allowed Japan to borrow 300 million
francs from France.
Leaving Japan Phan Boi Chau went to
Siam (Thailand). The Qing dynasty was
overthrown by the Revolution of the Year of the Pig. Sun Yat-sen
headed the revolutionary government.
Phan Boi Chau was in a hurry to go to China to see Sun Yat- sen. Again he was disappointed. Sun‘ s position was unstable. The revolution was strong in Southern China
while Emperor Pu Yi was safe in Beijing.
General Yuan Shi-kai, a Chinese General trusted by Cixi, commanded the
army. Yuan could force Emperor Pu Yi to
resign on condition that he should be President. If Sun Yat-sen stayed in his presidential seat Yuan would use his army
to repress the revolution. Lacking armed
forces Sun Yat-sen must listen to what Yuan dictated to him. In 1912, influenced by the Kuomintang founded
by Sun Yat-sen, Pham Boi Chau founded Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi (Vietnam
Restoration Association). Independent
Vietnam will be a Republic. Cuong De
will be President; Phan Boi Chau, Prime Minister.
Phan Chau Trinh was more realistic and
pragmatic. He didn’t think of foreign
assistance in his struggle for Vietnam’s independence. It is futile to chase the tiger in welcoming
the leopard. It is dangerous to ask a
pirate to expel the pirate in our house which, in its turn, should be occupied
by the helper, who is more dangerous than the old pirate in our house.
Phan Boi Chau was excited by the Japanese naval victory,
the Revolution of the Year of the Pig.
He was happy to know Franco- German hostility. From the Guangzhou prison he ordered Nguyen
Thuong Hien to travel to Siam to get in touch with the German ambassador in
Bangkok to receive some money to buy weapons.
Phan Chau Trinh wasn’t stirred by the
Chinese Revolution of the Year of the Pig (1911). This year he
went to France to deepen his knowledge of Western democracy. He lived miserably in Paris. In 1915 he was imprisoned in La Sante for being
suspected of contacting Germany. Marxism
and the Russian proletarian revolution led by Lenin didn’t move Phan Chau
Trinh. As soon as he left La Sante
(prison) in 1917 Phan Chau Trinh wrote a letter to Nguyen Tat Thanh (Ho Chi
Minh) to call him to return to Paris from England. Nguyen Tat Thanh worked for a cake shop in a
hotel restaurant in London. Phan Chau
Trinh and Nguyen Sinh Sac, Nguyen Tat Thanh’s father, were colleagues at the
Ministry of Rites. Both of them were pho bang. In Paris Phan Chau Trinh and Nguyen Tat Thanh
earned their living by doing photographic work.
Their relation got chilly after Nguyen Tat Thanh adhered to the French
Communist Party (1920) under the pseudonym Ngyen Ai Quac, name translated from
the collective pen name o the Ngu Long Group (Five- Dagon Group): Nguyen, Le Patriote. From then on, Nguyen Ai Quac (Ho Chi Minh)
broke off relations with his father for his disrespect toward Phan Chau Trinh,
his father’ s respectable friend. Nguyen
Sinh Sac was no longer tri huyen of
Binh Khe district, Binh Dinh province.
He had wandering life in Saigon.
He found his life stable thanks to the generosity of a rich landlord
named Le.
After 30 years of bloody wars in the
20th Century Phan Chau Trinh’s ahimsa (non- violence), modernization, self
sufficiency were right. They saved the Vietnamese people’s blood,
tears and sweat, ensured territorial integrity, national union, national
resources, the people’s education, livelihood, human right,s and accelerated
the development of national economy.
These factors ensure true independence, national prosperity and national
union but Marxism, Leninism and revolutionary heroism do not.
Back to Phan Boi Chau and Phan Chau
Trinh we see Phan Boi Chau advocated violence while Phan Chau Trinh praised
non- violence. Violence isn’t fruitful
while we are weak. Violence and
bloodshed is useless in this case. Phan
Chau Trinh didn’t have an optimistic view of Hoang Hoa Tham’s Yen The War Zone. Don’t either misunderstand or assimilate Phan
Chau Trinh’s non- violence to Phap- Viet De Hue (Franco- Vietnamese
Cooperation) advocated by Bui Quang Chieu.
Mr. Bui was a French- educated engineer, a rich landlord having French
citizenship. He struggled for a handful
of French- educated intellectuals and landlords only. Phan Chau Trinh struggled to ask the French
colonialists to build schools, hospitals, to develop the network of public
works, to abolish heavy taxes and corvee etc. He
attached importance to education, to the
abolition of some outdated and backward customs, to the development of
industries and commerce. The Vietnamese
must play an active role in their national economy. Many famous industrialists, tradesmen, businessmen
in Vietnam were Quang Nam- born. Weren’t
they influenced by Phan Chau Trinh’s modernization? Phan Chau Trinh struggled for Vietnam and her
people’ s future but not for a certain privileged minority in society. His death penalty in 1908, the deportation of
patriotic Confucian scholars such as Huynh Thuc Khang, Tieu La Nguyen
Thanh...to Poulo Condore Islands, and the tragic execution of Dr. Tran Qui Cap
proved that the French colonialists worried a lot about the success of Phong
Trao Duy Tan materialized by the creation of Dong Kinh Nghia Thuc School in Ha
Noi in 1907 and the anti- tax manifestations in Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh
Dinh, Phu Yen, Thua Thien in 1908. These
manifestations were ironically called ‘loan dau bao’ (haircut riots) because
people had haircut before joining the manifestations.
Phan Boi Chau was born in Nghe
An. Under Chinese rule in the past
centuries Thanh Hoa, Nghe An and Ha Tinh were wild areas covered with forests
and mountains. They were natural
fortresses of anti Chinese resistance.
The Chinese colonial government was in the Red River delta.
Madame Trieu led the anti- Chinese
resistance in Thanh Hoa in the 3rd Century A.D.
Mai Hac De (Mai Thuc Loan) led the
revolt against Chinese colonialists in Nghe An in the 8th Century A.D.
Le Loi led the anti- Ming resistance
in Thanh Hoa in the 15th Century.
Kings of the Later Le, Lords Trinh,
Lords and Kings Nguyen were originally from Thanh Hoa.
Phan Boi Chau inherited Confucian
thoughts and the resistance spirit from the dwellers of Thanh- Nghe- Tinh. Ho Chi Minh had all the earmarks Phan
possessed in addition to extremism, dictatorship, iron disciplines he learned
from the Soviet Union in 1924 and 1934.
Violence implemented by Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi consisted of the bombing
of the Hanoi Hotel , assassination of
tuan vu (province chief) Nguyen Duy Han,
assassination plot of Gouverneur General Albert Sarraut at the Nam Dinh
exam center (1913), the attack of Ta Lung in 1915, the aborted revolt in Hue in
1916 and the Thai Nguyen revolt in 1917 led by Luong Ngoc Quyen and Trinh Van
Can. These events were resounding
without having any happy ending. The
brain of Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi was in China.
Lam Duc Thu or Nguyen Cong Vien was a member of Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi
living in China. His Chinese wife was
from a rich family in Guangzhou. Thu had
a cozy life. He smoked opium. He worked for the French Secret Police under
the pseudonym Pinot. It was certain that
he reported all the activities of Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi to the French Secret Police in China, in
Tonkin and in Annam. He had an important
role in Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi. In 1923
Le Hong Phong, Le Hong Son, Ho Tung Mau, Nguyen Hai Than, Lam Duc Thu and young
members of Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi founded Tam Tam Xa (Three United Hearts)
that was more violent than Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi. Pham Hong Thai, a member of Tam Tam Xa,
disguised himself as a Chinese journalist to assassinate Gouverneur General
Merlin. By the end of 1924 Nguyen Ai
Quac (future Ho Chi Minh) arrived in Guangzhou to serve Borodin, Soviet advisor
to Sun Yat-sen. Nguyen Ai Quac used a
Chinese name Ly Thuy (Li Shui). The Li
family was the richest one in Guangzhou at that time. We don’t know anything about relations
between Ly Thuy and Lam Duc Thuy. As
soon as Ly Thuy arrived in Guangzhou he lived in Lam Duc Thu’ s villa. All the members of Tam Tam Xa except for
Nguyen Hai Than adhered to Viet Nam Thanh Nien Cach Mang Dong Chi Hoi (Vietnam
Revolutionary Youth Association) founded by Ly Thuy, Le Hong Phong, Le Hong
Son, Ho Tung Mau, Lam Duc Thu in June, 1925.
Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi, Tam Tam Xa disappeared. On June 30, 1925 Phan Boi Chau was arrested
in the French concession in Shanghai.
From there he planned to go down South to visit Pham Hong Thai’s tomb by
train. It was rumored that Lam Duc Thu
or Nguyen Cong Vien or Pinot and Ly Thuy (future Ho Chi Minh) betrayed Phan Boi
Chau to the French Secret Police for 100,000- piastre reward. In the 1920s the monthly salary of a
provincial civil servant varied from 25 to 30 piastres. The group of words tien muon bac van (muon: van: 10,000) means 10,000 piastres, a
big amount of money people never had.
100,000- piastre reward helped Lam Duc Thu, a ‘revolutionary’, enjoy
luxurious life. Ly Thuy had enough money
to sow the Communist seeds in China before bringing them into Vietnam. Phan Boi Chau was arrested and taken to
Hanoi. All the members of Viet Nam Quang
Phuc Hoi and Tam Tam Xa in China, Siam and Vietnam became members of Viet Nam
Thanh Nien Cach Mang Dong Chi Hoi, precursor of the Viet Nam Communist
Party. Phan Boi Chau’s death penalty
stirred Vietnamese patriotism and hatred for the French colonialists as
well. The students took to the streets
to protest the severe verdict. Phan Boi
Chau wasn’t executed but he was under
surveillance in Hue.
Phan Boi Chau and Ho Chi Minh
advocated violence. Phan’s violence
failed. It was his own failure and that
of his Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi. It
couldn’t turn Vietnam independent but it didn’t damage her.
Ho Chi Minh was successful in his
revolutionary violence. The strange
thing was that Ho’s success and that of his Communist party didn’t bring
Independence, Freedom and Happiness to Vietnam and her people. It brought intermittent disasters and
tragedies to Vietnam and her people:
country’s partition (1954); bloody wars from 1945 to 1975; a million
Northerners moving to the South (1954); 4 million people leaving Vietnam in search of freedom and raison de vivre; quasi total destruction
of human and natural resources; loss of lands, sea and islands to China
(Paracel Islands, Spratly Islands; border territory loss after the Sino-
Vietnamese War and the signing of treaties of 1999 and 2000); stern and
shameful submission to China. Vietnam is
an independent and united country, a member of UNO. Why does Vietnam have to respect Bon Tot
(Four Good) and Muoi Sau Chu Vang (Sixteen Golden Words) dictated by Beijing
when re-establishing diplomatic relations with China? Why did Chinese flag with five small stars
appear in Vietnam? Why was King Ly Thai
To’s statue made in China? The
anniversary of the 1000th birthday of Thang Long (Ha Noi) was celebrated on the
National Day of the People’s Republic of China (October 1st ). On the Invalids’ and Martyrs’ Day July -27-
2015 the Chinese song Ode to the
Motherland, which is considered to
be the second National Anthem of China, was played before and after President
Truong Tan Sang read his speech. Why was
General Phung Quang Thanh ‘thoughtful’ when seeing the Vietnamese hating
Chinese harassment, brutality and unlawfulness in regard to islands, shoals and
maritime resources in the so called ‘Ox Tongue’ in Southeast Asia?
Phan Chau Trinh was from Quang Nam, a
central province of Vietnam. In the past
it was a prosperous area of Champa.
Chinese, Malaysian, Indonesian, Arab tradesmen came there by boat to exchange goods. Catholicism was taught by the Jesuits in
Quang Nam in the 17th Century. In the
1920s Protestantism was taught in Quang Nam, My Tho, Can Tho, Hai Phong. Quang Nam welcomed more foreigners than Nghe
An. The city name Faifo came from Phai
Pho (Is this the city?) in Vietnamese.
This question Phai Pho? proved that the foreign tradesmen paid much
interest in Faifo, actual Hoi An. In the
economic and commercial field Quang Nam shows its superiority to Nghe An. It is the center of Vietnam receiving various
cultures from China (Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism), Japan (Shintoism,
Buddhism), India (Hinduism), Arabia, Champa (Islam), Cambodia (Hinayana
Buddhism), Portugal, France (Catholicism), England, United States (Protestantism). Compared to the other Confucian scholars Phan
Chau Trinh was more open- minded. His
perspective was wide. Phan Chau Trinh
was courageous for he was lonely in his modernization and Westernization. The League for Human Rights saved his life
but he was deported to Poulo Condore Islands (1908). Leaving the Poulo Condore prison he was under
surveillance in My Tho (1910). In 1911
he arrived in Paris. In 1915 he was
imprisoned in La Sante. He was believed
to have contact with Germany. He was
released in 1917. With Phan Van Truong,
Nguyen The Truyen, Nguyen An Ninh, Nguyen Tat Thanh (Ho Chi Minh) Phan Chau
Trinh founded the Ngu Long Group (Five- Dragon Group) which was well known for
its political articles appeared on the Socialist newspaper under the pen name
Nguyen O Phap (Nguyen, Who Hates the French) changed to Nguyen, Le Patriote
(Nguyen Ai Quoc). In 1919 the Ngu Long
Group wrote the Eight- Point Demand
bearing the signature of Nguyen Ai Quoc.
Nguyen Tat Thanh brought it to Versailles where an international
conference was held. None of the representatives of the Big Three read it but
from then on, Nguyen Ai Quoc was well known in Viet Nam. Nguyen Tat Thanh was deemed to be Nguyen Ai
Quoc, author of the Eight- Point Demand.
In 1925 Phan Chau Trinh returned to Sai Gon. Phan Van Truong and Nguyen An Ninh did before
him. Phan Chau Trinh lived in Nguyen An
Ninh’s house in My Hue hamlet, Hoc Mon, Gia Dinh. He died in 1926 and was buried in Tan Son
Hoa. Some 120,000 Southerners attended
his funeral in spite of the dense network of Secret Police. Students throughout Vietnam bearing white mourning bands observed
the memorial service for the respectable revolutionary. Many of them were expelled from public
schools for attending the memorial service for Phan Chau Trinh.
Fourteen years after Phan Chau Trinh’s
death silently Phan Boi Chau said ‘good bye’ to his Vietnamese people in Hue
where he was called ‘The Ben Ngu Old Man’.
****
As soon as Phan Chau Trinh was
released in 1917 under Prime Minister Clemenceau whose nickname was ‘the Old
Tiger’, Phan wrote a letter to Nguyen Tat Thanh (Ho Chi Minh) to ask him to
return to Paris. Nguyen Tat Thanh had a
good opportunity to learn politics from pho
bang Phan Chau Trinh, Dr. Phan Van
Truong, Engineer Nguyen The Truyen, and Lawyer Nguyen An Ninh. Shortly after that, the Nghe An young man
loving violence, disagreed with Phan Chau Trinh cherishing ahimsa. It was the
dissimilarity of opinions between the young man and the aged one. Nguyen Tat Thanh became a member of the
French Communist Party under the pseudonym Nguyen Ai Quac at the age of
30. Phan Chau Trinh was 48 years old in
1920 i.e he spent 80% of the then idealistic 60-year old longevity. Phan Chau Trinh’s non- violence didn’t mean
either ‘cowardice’ or ‘idleness’ from a lazy man waiting for windfall. His non- violence came from a huge unbalanced
strength between France and Vietnam.
Violence was unsuccessful when we were weak militarily, politically,
diplomatically, economically and intellectually. It led to bloodshed and failure only. The divergence between Phan Chau Trinh and
Nguyen Tat Thanh (Nguyen Ai Quac- Ho Chi Minh) got larger and larger after
Thanh’s adhesion to the French Communist Party (1920). Phan Chau Trinh paid less attention to the
Chinese Revolution of the Year of the Pig, and to the Russian Proletarian
Revolution of 1917 led by Lenin. He kept
away from Marxism, the Commune of Paris, the Second and Third International
which were in vogue in Paris before and after World War I.
Phan Chau Trinh and Phan Boi Chau were
respectable patriots. They disagreed
with each other on the tactics of struggle and political regime for independent
Vietnam. They both respected each other.
Phan Boi Chau and Nguyen Tat Thanh
were originally from Nghe An. When Phan
Boi Chau led the Journey to the East Movement Nguyen Tat Thanh was 15 year
old. He left Nghe An for Hue where he
studied at Quoc Hoc. It goes without
saying Thanh knew Phan Boi Chau or at least heard of his revolutionary activities. No authentic document tells us about
relations between Phan Boi Chau and the child of Kim Lien village, Nam Dan
district, Nghe An province. We do not
find any documents or pictures of Phan Boi Chau and Ly Thuy (Ho Chi Minh) when
the latter was assigned to serve Borodin in Guangzhou by the end of 1924. Many books and documents showed Lam Duc Thu
(Pinot) and Ly Thuy betrayed Phan Boi Chau to receive $100,000 reward by the
end of June 1925 i.e some days after the founding of Viet Nam Thanh Nien Cach
Mang Dong Chi Hoi, precursor of the Vietnam Communist Party. Of course, the governments of the Democratic
Republic of Vietnam and The Socialist Republic of Vietnam denied the above
source. Those people who were aware of
this shameful historic event were Lam Duc Thu, Ho Tung Mau, Le Hong Phong. All of them passed away. During the Vietnam War I Viet Minh put Lam Duc Thu in a bamboo basket
and threw it into the Thai Binh River.
Ho Tung Mau was killed by a French bombardier in Thanh Hoa during the
Vietnam War I. Le Hong Phong was
arrested by the French. He died in the
Poulo Condore Prison. Regarding this
complicated matter, let’s ask some WH
(When, What, Why, Who) in order to find a certain ‘relative truth’:
1. When
did Lam Duc Thu and Nguyen Ai Quac know each other? In what circumstance? How friendly were they? As soon as Nguyen Ai Quac (Ly Thuy- Ho Chi
Minh) arrived in Guangzhou to serve Borodin, advisor to Sun Yat- sen, he lived
in Lam Duc Thu’s villa. Ly Thuy (Ho Chi
Minh) was born in Nghe An. He lived
there in 15 years only. He was a
teenager without either reputation or bright work. How did he know Lam Duc Thu (Nguyen Cong Vien
or Pinot), who was originally from Thai Binh?
A Nghe An native travelled to France by boat as a laborer, adhered to
the French Communist Party which sent him to Moscow for training to become a
Comintern agent, left Moscow for Guangzhou to serve Borodin on the orders of
Stalin. In Guangzhou he was welcome by a Thai Binh native coming to Guangzhou to
join Phan Boi Chau as a member of Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi. A ‘revolutionary’ Lam Duc Thu married a
Chinese wealthy wife, enjoyed luxurious life, smoked opium. He couldn’t shelter Ly Thuy (Ho Chi Minh)
without any referral or orders from his secret boss.
2. Lam
Duc Thu or Pinot was a secret agent of the French Secret Police. To the spies, agents of Secret Police, or
Intelligence la fin justifie les moyens (The
end justifies the means). No matter the
means are noble, dirty or crual provided that they helped them reach their targets and accomplish their
mission. Didn’t Nguyen Ai Quac (Ly Thuy-
Ho Chi Minh) learn these things in
Moscow in 1924 and 1934? What did Ho Chi
Minh do when he bore the pseudonym Lucius in World War II? Relations and friendship between Ly Thuy (Ho Chi Minh) and Lam Duc Thu, who
sheltered the former, were in conformity
to the following French proverbs:
Qui se ressemble s’assemble
and:
Dis moi qui tu hantes, je dirai qui tu es.
3. The
cooperation between Lam Duc Thu and Ly Thuy (Ho Chi Minh) was an Intelligence
marriage (French Intelligence <Lam Duc Thu> and Soviet OGPU <Ly
Thuy>) well calculated by both the partners.
Ly Thuy needed Lam Duc Thu to have comfortably safe shelter and to erase
Phan Boi Chau’s political role as leader of the anti- colonial revolution on
Chinese soil. Betraying Phan Boi Chau
they had $100,000 reward. Ly Thuy (Ho
Chi Minh) danced on the political fortune invested by Phan Boi Chau in China,
Siam and Vietnam from 1905 to 1925. Lam
Duc Thu needed Ly Thuy’s trust to have an important role in the founding of
Viet Nam Thanh Nien Cach Mang Dong Chi Hoi to watch the activities of this
Communist organization to report to the French Secret Police.
Communist books and newspapers praised
Uncle Ho’s clairvoyance when he sought the path of national salvation in the
West while Phan Boi Chau turned to the East.
Communist scholars criticized and denounced Phan Chau Trinh’s non-
violence while praising Uncle Ho’s revolutionary violence leading to the defeat
of two Western Empires: France and the
United States.
In the early 20th Century the Nghe An
residents praised Phan Boi Chau’s genius of versification by calling him the
Nam Dan Living Saint (Thanh Song Nam Dan).
Communist scholars deemed that title was attributed to Uncle Ho, a
resident of Kim Lien village, Nam Dan district, Nghe An province. It is sophistical to usurp this title from
Phan Boi Chau! Ho Chi Minh was born in
1890. He lived in Nghe An in 15 years
only. In 1905 he studied in Hue. In 1910 he left Hue for Phan Thiet then Sai Gon. In 1911 he
went to France after finding a job on a French boat Amiral Latouche
Treville. He knew some Chinese
characters, quoc ngu, and French
without having any diploma or famous work to deserve the title of Thanh Song Nam Dan.
Phan Boi Chau was cu nhan (B.A). He was author
of Viet Nam Vong Quoc Su, Luu Cau Huyet
Le Tan Thu, Khong Hoc Dang, Tu Phan, Hai Ngoai Huyet Thu, Nam Nu Quoc Dan Tu
Tri, Nguc Trung Thu etc.
He was the vanguard revolutionary
whose creative initiatives were:
- to
found Viet Nam Duy Tan Hoi (1904), Viet Nam Quang Phuc Hoi
- to
use pamphlets and poems as a means of propaganda to spread revolutionary
thoughts
- to
use diplomatic activities to look for foreign aid (Japan, China, Germany)
- to
push the contribution of the Vietnamese community in Siam (Thailand) to the
struggle for Vietnam’s independence.
- to
form the government in exile (1912)
- to
design the national flag (Five- Star Flag) etc.
Ho Chi Minh founded Dang Cong San Viet
Nam (Vietnam Communist Party) changed to Dang Cong San Dong Duong (Indochinese
Communist Party) in 1930 after his training in Moscow and on the orders of
Stalin.
Phan Boi Chau made friends with Leang
Ki-chao, Sun Yat-sen, Father of the Republic of China, Okuma and Inukai,
Japanese V.I.P.
Ho Chi Minh was a Communist agent of
the Comintern assigned to serve Borodin.
Phan Boi Chau wrote Nguc Trung Thu in
the Guangzhou Prison (1913- 1917).
Ho Chi Minh wrote Nhat Ky Trong Tu in
the Liaozhou Prison (1942- 1943).
Who looked for the path of national
salvation? Who deserved the title Thanh Song Nam Dan? Phan Boi Chau? Ho Chi Minh?
****
Although unsuccessful, Phan Boi Chau
and Phan Chau Trinh gain respect and love from the Vietnamese people. Their failure was really a great
success. These words are unpleasant to hear
but they are true. Phan Boi Chau and
Phan Chau Trinh are living in the Vietnamese people’s hearts and minds.
Phan Boi Chau consecrated his life to
Vietnam and her people. He spent 20
years for revolutionary activities in Japan, China, Siam, and 15 years under
surveillance in Hue, and lived far away from his family and birthplace. His noble sacrifice was tied to that of his
two wives and two sons. His family was
permanently threatened by the local government.
His wives and sons lived in misery.
Their sons were unschooled. Our
respectable revolutionary died in poverty and in deep melancholy for his dream
of national liberation was nebulous. The
Vietnamese bird flew in the Far Eastern sky.
Returning to the nest on the Southern branch the bird was in the rotten
cage. ‘His’ nest was far-away.
With tears and pain in heart from a
Vietnamese living far from his native country for ever I respectfully offer two
incense sticks to two respectable revolutionaries Phan Boi Chau and Phan Chau
Trinh whose perspective was to build an Independent, Free, Democratic and
Prosperous Vietnam.
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